In the skin, a pilonidal sinus (PNS) is a tiny hole or tube. There are times when it may be blocked and fluid or pus is filled inside it. This results in the formation of a cyst or abscess. Hair, debris, and dead skin are commonly found in pilonidal cysts. It is frequently contagious and can cause excruciating discomfort. It may ooze pus and blood and have a horrible stench if it becomes infected.
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Pilonidal Sinus procedure takes a maximum of 30 minutes to complete. Pilonidal Sinus treatment is a daycare procedure wherein patient can get discharged and go home early.
Although the actual etiology of this ailment is unknown, it is thought to be a combination of altering hormones (since it happens after puberty), hair growth, and friction from clothing or lengthy periods of sitting.
Seated and other contact surface activities may cause the hair in the afflicted area to burrow back into the skin. The body perceives this hair as foreign and responds with an immune response similar to that of a splinter. This immune response results in the cyst that forms around your hair. Some persons have several sinuses that connect beneath the skin.
You may not have any noticeable symptoms at first, other from a dimple-like depression on the surface of your skin. However, if the depression becomes infected, it will swiftly turn into a cyst or an abscess (a closed sac filled with fluid) (a swollen and inflamed tissue where pus collects).
The following are symptoms of an infection:
Conservative treatment
Your doctor is likely to recommend a broad-spectrum antibiotic if your illness is discovered early on, you’re not in significant pain, and there’s no sign of inflammation. It’s crucial to understand that this won’t repair your sinuses, but it will provide respite from the pain and infection. Your doctor will recommend that you have a follow-up exam, shave or remove hair from the affected area on a regular basis, and practise good hygiene.
Lancing
If there is an accumulation of pus inside the sinus, it is treated with Lancing. Your doctor will administer a local anesthetic prior to the surgery. The abscess will subsequently be opened with a scalpel. Your doctor will apply a sterile dressing to the wound and enable it to heal from the inside out. The wound normally heals in four weeks.
Phenol injection
Your doctor will initially provide a local anesthetic before proceeding with the procedure. It’s possible that this method will have to be done multiple times. The lesion will become hard and close.
Surgery is the most reliable way of treating and eliminating a pilonidal sinus, although it can have drawbacks such as poor wound healing. General anesthesia will be administered, and a surgeon will either cut out the sinus or open it up. In the long run, completely removing the sinus by cutting it out may result in a better outcome, but the recovery time may be longer. To open the sinus, surgeons can utilize either standard surgery with a knife or endoscopic surgeryTrusted Source.
A surgeon will open up the abscess and sinus, as well as clip any skin margins, to open, or unroof, a pilonidal sinus. Any inflammatory tissue around the region may also be removed by a surgeon. After that, a surgeon will close the wound with healthy tissue. Although there is a larger risk of infection with this approach, it may be necessary for some circumstances.
Depending on the method, surgery can take up to 30 minutes. People can talk to their doctor about surgical choices to see which one is best for them, as well as any risks or side effects.
A pilonidal sinus may not require treatment in some circumstances, and it may resolve on its own. People who have surgery are frequently able to go home the same day as their procedure. People may be able to return to work in 2–3 weeks, depending on how they respond to surgery. People should consult a doctor to determine when it is safe to resume exercise and routine activities.
Following treatment, it’s critical to keep any wound clean and dry, or to use dressings if the area is open. Hair must also be kept out of the buttocks crease and the wound region. People may need to shave every 2–3 weeks until they reach the age of 30, at which time their hair may thin and soften.
The natal cleft, which is the apex of the buttocks crease, right under the tailbone, is affected by a pilonidal sinus. Depending on the severity of the illness, symptoms might range from moderate to severe. People who suffer from a pilonidal sinus may have the following symptoms:
If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical help right away: When you're seated, the pain usually gets worse. Between your buttocks, a small indentation or a massive swelling area. The pilonidal cyst is frequently the cause.
Though surgical removal of the cyst is the only treatment, you can apply a hot and moist compress to the cyst to relieve pain
The following are signs that the wound is infected:
Surgery is the most reliable way of treating and eliminating a pilonidal sinus, although it can have drawbacks such as poor wound healing. General anesthesia will be administered, and a surgeon will either cut out the sinus or open it up.
About 60% of the time, an incision and drainage operation is successful in treating a pilonidal cyst. Doctors frequently advise people who have had the treatment to attempt to avoid another infection by shaving, waxing, or using laser hair removal.
It can cause excruciating pain and is frequently infected. It may ooze pus and blood and have a horrible stench if it becomes infected. Pilonidal Sinus is a disorder that primarily affects men but is also prevalent among young people.
